Polish NSBM band...

Discography:

1998 Promo Tape 88 (low qu… Read Full Bio ↴Polish NSBM band...

Discography:

1998 Promo Tape 88 (low quality, recorded in basement)
2003 Death To Z.O.G. !!! / Deep Woods (split with polish NSBM band Ohtar)
2004 Laser Holocaust (2nd Demo)
2005 No Hope, No Future... Just W.A.R.!(Debut Album)
2005 The Voice Of Silesia (split with polish RAC band Agressiva 88)
2008 We Bring Desolation (split with polish black metal band Selbstmord)
2009 Nebelwerfer (3rd Demo)

The Race The Wotan The Concubinage
Antisemitex Lyrics

We have lyrics for these tracks by Antisemitex:

Aryjscy obroncy Gdy przyszli chrześcijanie, z okrzyżowanym słabeuszem Jako w…
Cienie Z Nożami Atakujecie nas każdego dnia Lecz my wam odpłacimy Nie będzie…
Dni Które Nadchodzą W dniach które nadchodzą - ten świat zapłacze W dniach które…
Intro: Julius Streicher Spreecht Ein Volk, das nichts auf die Reinheit seiner Rasse hält,…
Koszerna Świnia Przybita Do Krzyża Koszerna Świnia Przybita Do Krzyża Koszerna świnia przybita…
Kłamcy The world is full of poisoned minds Through jewish venom Med…
Smak Zwycięstwa Biały bracie nie lękaj się Twardo broń swej wiary Przed nami…
The One Insane I am the psychopath I live in my own world…
W Stalowych Burzach In the storms of the Racial War We won′t bend to…

The lyrics are frequently found in the comments by searching or by filtering for lyric videos

TRACKS

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Most interesting comment from YouTube:

Rafael Ferreira

4y↑4

Jackson thanks for this video but nonetheless there is something I don't understand about the relationship between the Norse and the Sámi (and more generally the Finno-Ugric/Uralic peoples):
You say in your video that the Norse people had a similar relationship with these people as the Europeans had with the Native Americans, although I don't question this comparison I don't understand how such interactions could have developed in a place like Northern Europe because the context is completely different:
America is a continent separated from the rest of the world by an ocean, thousands of kilometers from Europe with populations that have not interacted with the rest of the world for millennia, so it seems logical to me that when the Europeans met them, they had this vision of the "other", of the "unknown" which led to contempt in their perception of these peoples...
But in the case of Europe it is not the same thing:
The peoples we are talking about here existed long before the Viking Age, occupied contiguous lands that were not demarcated (there are no natural barriers in the Scandinavian Peninsula that could prevent the Norse and the Sámi from interacting with each other before the Viking Age), the last mass migration that gave the Germanic culture and its Norse descendant to the peninsula probably occurred before 1000 BC when for the Sami culture it is very unlikely that it migrated from Southern Finland to the North after the beginning of the Common Era (0 AD), which means that it was already established in the North...
When based on those evidences, I think it is very ridiculous to assume that the two communities did not know each other or did not interact with each other prior to the Viking Age!
Which leads us to this problem, when we analyze the sagas and how the Norse people perceived the Sámi (which as you say is comparable to the European/Native American relationship) I find that we can only come to the conclusion that it is completely inconsistent with the context: You get the impression from reading the Norse writings that one of the two groups had just arrived on the peninsula and had just discovered the other, that the two cultures that logically should have interacted for centuries before this period are totally alien to each other, it's completely incoherent!
So I have a hard time understanding how we arrived to this situation, it seems very strange from an anthropological point of view and I'm really disturbed by that...
Therefore I would like your point of view on this as a person who has studied the subject if you don't mind because I'm having a hard time with it, I hope you'll understand my approach...

In any case, thanks in advance for the possible reply Jackson ;-)

All comments from YouTube:

Niemand Keiner

4y↑264

It seems that Finns always had a somewhat different attitude towards magic. In Kalevala, almost everyone is some kind of a sorcerer. When the main hero Väinämöinen needs to build a boat, he doesn't even try building it in a normal way, instead he uses magic to manipulate wood and iron. When he can't finish it because he forgot the right magic words, he embarks on a long journey to obtain those words from another magic user.

Schoo

4y↑13

Lol did he have to use a boat on that journey?

Niemand Keiner

4y↑71

@Schoo He walked, if I remember right) But the trip is fun nonetheless. The guy who knows the magic words is a giant and accidentally swallows Väinämöinen, who gets bored sitting in his belly, so he builds a makeshift forge and starts forging stuff, which causes the giant one heck of a stomachache. When he escapes the giant's belly, he actually remembers the words he needs, so this whole trip was just a waste of time)

QWXZY

3y↑12

@Niemand Keiner vore

Erik Bergström

3y↑24

Ultimate expression of effort for the sake of laziness. I can't be bothered to finish this boat by hand, so I shall embark on an epic Finland-spanning journey to find someone who knows the spell I need and then I shall return to finish my boat, with minimal effort!

Sean Mueller

3y↑9

@Niemand Keiner just another Monday

8 More Replies...

Weeping Scorpion

4y↑276

We still have words derived from "íri" (Irish(man)) which have negative meanings in Faroese. Examples are: írahópur (group of Irish) which refers to a group of trouble-making boys, and a person who is either evil or seen as useless can be described as írasáð (Irish sperm/seed). Not sure how often these are still used but they are in the dictionary.
EDIT: Found another usage: at renna sum undan írum (like running to escape the Irish) is to run as if the Devil himself was chasing you.

Mike Oxsmal

4y↑56

As an irishman it's interesting

Samuel Terry

4y↑43

Ironic considering the Faroese have a lot of Irish ancestry.

Tyrannosaurus Human

4y↑17

Apparently the irish were some badasses.

Keighlan Coe

4y↑28

The Irish have always been experts at guerrilla warfare and ambushing. Irish soldiers could be found serving in all manner of foreign armies because their cattle-rustling skills were legendary, any army with Irishmen in it was generally very well fed, and they tended to steal the enemies food supplies so two birds one stone.

Weeping Scorpion

4y↑41

@Samuel Terry Actually, this is probably exactly why we have them. "Oh, someone's annoying, he must be one of those with Irish ancestry."

10 More Replies...

Brian Ericksen

4y↑19

Thank you Dr. Crawford! My son is half Norwegian and Arab from his Palestinian mother. My hope is that he can be raised with some of my and some of her culture. Your lessons have been an education for me I hope to pass on to my son. Thank you very much.

Rothary

4y↑97

One's name being spoken was (as far as I'm aware) seen as a summoning in old finnish (and I'd assume also sámi) beliefs, which is considered to be the reason why finnish for example has literally over a hundred names/words for the bear, because speaking the bear's true name was seen as dangerous (because you wouldn't want to bump into a bear) and was to be avoided by using alternative names instead.

Based on this I'd assume the men not being named during the three days would've been to avoid summoning them back from their (spiritual) journey, interrupting the whole thing.

Virding

4y↑18

That same belief also existed in Swedish culture and a lot of other cultures around the world. See the idiom "Speak of the devil and he doth appear".

silentassason

4y↑5

That's what I thought. My friend who got me into looking into the Norse religions would never say any gods name 3 times because (according to him every time he did so) would bring about a sign from said god or deities power. When American gods the show came out he told me he said the spider god's name 3 times and suddenly he found many spiders in his home. He also has Odins ravens names on his arms and slapped two friends with the "3 years of bad luck" curse when one flies before the other (can't remember the specifics of that one right now) and over the next 3 years they both had terrible things happen to them. After the second time all of his friends who are also believers and followers threatened to skin the tattoos off if he did it a third time.

logitimate

4y↑7

My understanding is that there's a conjecture that this happened in most Indo-European languages as well (not the number of separate words, but the broader use of euphemism to avoid summoning bears), and this is why many languages, including English, have common words for bear that are derived from an ancestor meaning simply "brown thing."

Aum Atomos

3y↑1

When you repeat mantra, you are using words of power to control something (most importantly your mind) or to heal. In hinduism true name of being is one with the energy of the being. Same thing in finnish magic where you use words of power, true names and knowledge of the true nature of the thing, to control or to heal. This is one finnish spell i remember.
Nouse luontoni lovesta, syntyni syvästä maasta, haon alta haltiani ! tuekseni, turvakseni, väekseni, voimakseni !
Let my true nature rise up from the oblivion/trance/netherworld, rise up from the dephts of the earth, from under the fallen tree come my elf. To my protection and support. Give me strength and spiritual power (mana). Sorry if i dont make any sense. Maybe i should have wrote tgis in the morning haha.

revilo178

3y↑2

@logitimate These "many languages" are all the Germanic languages. The Slavic ones call the bear "honey eater".

3 More Replies...

Jean Marc Watier

4y↑45

I am very thankful to have discovered Dr Crawford's channel. So much great and educational information. If only more channels were like this one. It would be interesting to know historical accounts between the Vikings and Frank's. The town in northern France I grew up was attacked by both Norse and Danes for a period of almost 100 years. Both the monasteries of Hasnon and St-Amand les Eaux were pillaged a few times. I wish to know more. Thank you again for such a great channel.

Michael Toney

4y↑58

The cadence of his voice and tonal intonation is incredibly relaxing. I would listen to the sagas in old Norse as a delightful sleep aid.

I bet he could sing if he was trained (Baritone) for sure.

Doug Huffman

3y↑15

Due to his precise pronounciation - utterly delightful.

Torsteen

4y↑15

The Norse ideas of Finno-Ugric language-speakers being mages/witches etc. is actually still somewhat present in popular culture. For example Tolkien's Elves were highly influenced by this, and the elven language "Quenya" in his books is largely based on Finnish. And though Finland for example ended up being an integrated part of Sweden for nearly 700 years, it was still as late as the 1960's that there were still Swedish people who believed that Finnish people or at least the land itself were somehow tied to magic. So you'd see things like people either wanting to refuse or specifically wanting Finnish people onto ships before setting out to sea because they believed having a Finn onboard would either bring them good or bad luck. It's also interesting that Finnish people have also seen the Sami people as sorcerers and witches and such. There are actually still practising Sámi "witch doctors" in Finland, as some people really believe they can cast healing spells etc.
Ofc these days Finns are pretty much just another Nordic nation, but still seen as a bit peculiar by the other Nordics.

Mitchery

4y↑2

Tolkien was influenced by the Finnish epic 'Kalavala'.

DavidSixSixFive

4y↑24

I find it interesting that the Finn and Hungarian languages are part of the same language family along with 8 languages in Central Russia north of the Caspian Sea.

Magnus Itland

4y↑56

In northern Norway there are still rumors of magic among the Sami, with certain people being suspected of being able to harm others by "ganning" (sorcery). It is often thought to run in families. But these days it is usually other Sami that purvey these rumors, rather than the Norwegians.

Kahina Loren

4y↑3

I am part Saami and a had magic done to me.

logitimate

4y↑9

It's entirely possible that it was mostly Sami who spread such rumors (or claims of their own power) during the Viking era; it's just that what has come down to is in writing from that time is largely "the Sami, at seen by the Norse," not "the Sami, as seen by other Sami."

Kahina Loren

4y↑4

@logitimate I get that. I just wanted to say that ganning still goes on among the saami to this day. Whether it works or not... That's another question. :)

Ben Ghazi

2y↑1

@Kahina Loren Is it really a question though? ^^

Nicolai By

@Kahina Loren I'll answer that question for you right now; No, magic isn't real.

1 More Replies...

Samulyak N

4y↑12

Thank you very much for your time and knowledge. We have small stories and legends about Vikings in Ukrainian culture as the Vikings had a trade relationship with Kyiv Rus at that time.

Alexander Baranov

4y↑34

A very russian person here, your pronunciation of the Архангельск (
Arkhangelsk) was a really fresh and good one, if I can say so myself. It was really thrilling to hear and, not gonna lie, it kinda made my morning! <3

Guestimator

4y↑2

It's ridiculous pronunciation, it's not pronounced as ARRhhhhanIIl'sk. He kinda got Ль properl, though.

Alexander Baranov

4y↑4

Guestimator
I know right? But what a fresh one it was doe

Seidr

2y↑3

As an Sámi I value your information immensly. Thank you Jackson

F1ghteR

3y↑7

8:05 It's interesting to note that there's still some sort of faint notion of this traditional Finno-Ugric magic in Russia to this day, both in the regions you've mentioned but also in Siberia.
10:36 Could it be that this is because the written tradition that we have has several sources, some of which were people who only saw Gaelic slaves that were brought from faraway lands, while others were actually buying or capturing these slaves and interacting with powerful and warlike Irish nobility of the day? Not to mention the fact that the only Scandinavians who actually survived the Viking age in Ireland and Scotland were those who were baptized and managed to assimilate into the local clan structure.
16:11 An interesting topic would be the interaction with the Slavic peoples in general, as well as Franks and Anglo-Saxons you've mentioned in passing.

Thomas Zaccone

3y↑5

I read somewhere that the Swedish settlers in New Sweden in the 1600s brought Finns with them who created the first log cabins in North America along a Finnish style.

TonyRichards93

4y↑17

Enjoyed the video very much. I’m always intrigued by the interactions the Norse and the Welsh had. So often the focus is primarily on England or Ireland. A very interesting video though, I always learn something from your videos, thank you.

The Rat

4y↑7

@Britta Kriep Yeah, 'Wales' is what the English call the place. We call it 'Cymru'.

ddemaine

4y↑5

@The Rat ..which devires from a Celtic term meaning "compatriot"

Ronald de Rooij

4y↑3

Last week I heard a story in old (reconstructed) Dutch from around 1000 AD. It could have been old Norse for all I know…. I know that the Norsemen had many interactions with Frisians (coming from Denmark, we think). So it might be not that surprising that the languages were the same. So I was a bit surprised that the Norsemen would classify Middle German as unitintelligiable.

Martin Backman

4y↑9

There is a great two-part documentary based on Swedish and Finnish research on relations between Norse and Finnic tribes living by the Baltic Sea, particularly how the Finnic tribes were instrumental in forming the eastern trade-route to Constantinople.

Amy Jones

4y↑5

Link?

Micha Bach

4y↑5

Seems very interesting. I'm definitely going to watch it!
Lund University from Sweden says the documentary is based on a book called "Identity Formation and Diversity in the Early Medieval Baltic and Beyond" by Johan Callmer, Ingrid Gustin and Mats Roslund (editors).

Mark Matzeder

4y↑11

I’d love to read that account of the initial encounters of the Norse and Skraelingjar.

Medana Pepenel

4y↑3

Thank you for another very interesting video and for promoting education accessible to all of us.

Ras_al_Gar

4y↑9

It seems I have misunderstood the word "Skraelling" when I read the Vinland Saga. My take was that it was an epithet with the conotation of refuse, to put it nicely. Thanks so much for the insight you provide into this wonderful culture and language.

Börje Svensson

3y↑7

The more common interpretation is something like they who screech/make noise. For example Skråla in modern swedish is most often used about the way really drunk people sing. But that could of course bee a modern development of the word.

Lux Borealis

3y↑2

The problem with the term skrælingr is that depending on tone it can mean "weak", "screeching" or "leather clad."

ERIS

I really love that you bring two of my passions together in your videos - Old Norse and animals. It's so lovely to see the creatures and nature in your area that you enjoy in person - I can enjoy them as you talk. It is wonderful, thank you.

wyatt windham

It’s awesome to see preservation of culture! To understand the thinking of a people from millennium ago can help understand how our present relates to each other now. There’s more resources than ever to understand one another, and this video shows that to this day cultures are still alien to one another as they were thousands of years ago.
Learn from the past to understand the present!
Awesome video!

Old Ranger

3y↑1

The Bighorn sheep are a brilliant touch. I lived next to them near the -OKANOGAN, Wash. They would lick the "de-icer" off of the state highway and be struck by traffic. A conundrum. As a Norwegian descendant, I find your discussions fascinating. I think a fair amount of lecture could occur on the assimilation of American Scandinavians.

Rebekah Shantz

I like the thought of the freedom to practice magic. The witch of Endor is the only witch I can think of that we learned of as a real person in history from the east. Everything seemed so off-limits there. Did they not have good witches as I'm assuming the Norse would have? Just thinking of The Wizard of Oz hundreds of years later having good and bad witches in our culture.

Ashe Odinson

4y↑3

I'd just like to point out that the communicators worn in Star Trek include universal translators, which process known languages into the native language of the wearer. When encountering a new language, there's a delay before the ship computer can work out a translation. Yeah, so that means their lips shouldn't be moving to English words, but dubbing everyone (even if in their own voice) would probably make it feel like one of those old kung-fu movies.

skyworm

It's not just about language but culture. Significantly different species to humans will probably be permanently incomprehensible both ways because of psychological differences and greatly different cultural conditions. You need a universal translator for each species too because there is no actual 'universal'. Translating between those and the massive differences... you still wouldn't be able to communicate much.

Ashe Odinson

@skyworm 🤦‍♂️

JimBob Jones

Fascinating subject! So maybe sometime, you could do a vid on the similarities and differences between the culture of the Old Norse and that of the old and current West of the United States. You know, places like rural Colorado and Wyoming. I think there are some strong similarities: and, of course, there are also significant differences between these on one side and contemporary urban culture on the other such that "wisdom" in the cultures of the Old West and the Old Norse might not necessarily be "wise" for those of us living in contemporary urban (and suburban culture).

Michael Nathan Chananja Klaassen

2y↑3

I wonder why the fuek all I ever learned in Dutch history class about this period, is that it was backwards "dark age". When there's so much recorded about this period, and it is so fundamental to establishing a good view on the period in which the surrounding nations came into existence, and came to develop and interact with each other. This time period is quite fundamental in developing where our western European nations come from.

TheInsaneCommander

4y↑129

The everyday Swede still considered Sámi & to a lesser scale the Finns to be magical peoples up untill the mid 1800s.

Haprilona

4y↑34

I feel magical all of a sudden. :')

Hvitserk

4y↑22

I don't think Norwegians in general believe this today, but we are constantly wondering what Finnish "sisu" is all about. I think that this is perhaps most about respect for the natural elements and if so, then many Norwegians and Swedes have the same feeling. As a Norwegian I have lived in Denmark for 20 years and if there is anything I miss from the Norwegian mentality it is respect for nature and how it has a decisive influence on how we think and what we do in general.

Micha Bach

4y↑27

@Hvitserk Respect for nature is definitely a part of Finnish culture, but 'sisu' has more to do with your inner strength. I would define it as the ability to persevere despite hardships, or the resolve that makes you continue with your endeavour even if the odds are against you.
In that sense, 'sisu' is universal, and I would say anyone can have 'sisu' regardless of nationality. It's just us Finns who have made it a national myth, perhaps to motivate the people in difficult times.

Alaine Rook Kitsunev

4y↑3

@Spirit of the Mountain it was a few languanges actually,(like Welsh or so i have heard) but you can see the Finnish in elvish since some words like ~~tie~~ means road in elvish and Finnish.

PePi

4y↑7

@Micha Bach You're right. The word 'sisu' comes from 'sisus' and its derivatives which literally mean insides or intestines. So, sisu is just the Finnish version of guts.

7 More Replies...

Guðbjörg Gísladóttir

3y↑4

15:13 In star trek there is "a universal translator"... everybody speaks their own language and the computer on board translates every other language into their own language... you can find a clip from the "star trek Diskcovery" series. IIRC this episode was in series 2 where the "universal translator" broke and only on being understood anyone else. He had put in the effort to learn the other languages...

Jamie Nelson

4y↑7

Wow, you live in the most beautiful place, and you have the most fascinating things to say! I'm just an ordinary person with a simple associates of liberal arts, not a liguist or anthropologist or anything special, but I'm addicted to your videos!

Antoine Micard

4y↑2

I'm having a hard time deciding whether it's a Norse video or an animal documentary xD
Anyway, very interesting as always
I'll buy your books as soon as they're back in stock at Hackett's european distributor

noobkaka567

4y↑2

Very interesting. As a swede its interesting to hear a canadian explaining these old norse sagas.
Oh and that hat thing covering the evil eye. That goes way back in humanitys mythical history. One of the oldest examples being the story of Medusa and her head being attached to a shield. Athena the goddess then had Medusas head on her shield, and since then Greeks culture changed to that of Medusa being a counter to the evil eye, they would addorn armor, shields and ornaments with Medusas symbol and head to ward off evil.

It's fun to learn that the evil eye mystic spread all over europe, ofcourse it's changed to fit the cultures. But it is everywhere in the world.

Einar Kristjánsson

4y↑10

Dr. Jackson Crawford is from USA, not Canada.

Happytown

I've always been fascinated by the concept of the evil eye, ever since I heard about it in Greece and when I realized how widespread this belief actually is. Basically all cultures from Portugal all the way to India have some sort of belief in the evil eye, and you can buy "nazars" (basically a charm to protect you from the evil eye) all across the mediterranean and middle east. I never knew it was a thing in Norse culture though. The fact that it's such a widespread thing makes me think it would predate even the Greek tradition. I guess we'll never know.

Mitchery

4y↑1

You play Dark Souls?

Mitchery

4y↑1

@Spirit of the Mountain Lingually, yes.

Sean Tracy

52w

Not Canadian, but smart enough to be one.

Eva Andresen

4y↑8

Remarkable how much Norse still is present in Norwegian.

skellagyook

4y↑8

Norwegian (like other Scandinavian languages) is descended/comes from Norse.

Birkknut

fun fact, the local dialect of Setesdal is very similar to old norse, but it is almost impossible to understand for other norwegians.

Ola Lundqvist

4y↑3

Hey Mr. Crawford.
I'd like to ask you... in terms of Berserkr and Úlfhéðinn, is it the Norse warriors them selves or is it the animal skins that are described?
Could you say, like... that a Úlfhéðinn is actually talking about the wolf skin, or should héðinn in this case be described as to something like "heathen" making it "wolf heathen"?

Rebecca Ketner

Fantastic video, I love the topic and the landscape is especially interesting!

Cat Calhoun

Thanks, Prof. Crawford. I always enjoy your content.

Hoonter of hoonters

4y↑26

Cool goats. I finally know how to pronounce, "Sámi."
I'm curious if the magical practices mentioned are based on anything that the Sámi did, if the Norse made it up for the stories, or if the Norse had similar traditions. We probably won't ever know.

Hoonter of hoonters

4y↑1

@Kalevic Really? I usually assume that any pagan practices in Europe were supressed. It's fortunate when more than a remnant of a small culture survives.

harjutapa

4y↑2

@Kalevic do you happen to know of any reputable English-language translations/sources about these practices? I didn't know they were so well preserved.
Editing to clarify: I'm not trying to debate or doubt what you're saying, and I realize that might be how this comment comes off. I just wanna learn more about them.

Micha Bach

4y↑4

@harjutapa You could try the Encyclopedia of Saami Culture from the University of Helsinki (Saami spelled with a double a). It has an entry on 'shamanism' which briefly explains some of the things that a Sami 'shaman' would do.
When you google it, the website comes up in the search results as "Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedia". On the front page, you can either use the search box to look for the entry on 'shamanism', or you can go through the 'Sisällysluettelo / Table of Contents'. Either way, be sure to select 'English' from the language menu, if the site keeps pushing you content in Finnish. =)

Mitchery

You're a Bloodborne fan??

2 More Replies...

Martin Konrad

4y↑5

Very interesting! But I missed some comments about the Norse interactions with Slavic people.

Lisa Geores

4y↑2

Thank you for sharing! Interesting as my heritage is Norwegian, Irish, Swedish and German. Not to be over the top here, but I was thinking how I would watch this to "lull" me to sleep and then the words about being lulled to sleep came out of your mouth on this video.

KlimentOhr

4y↑2

Maybe you could do Eireks Saga Víðförla, where the traveller supposedly meets the Byzantine emperor himself who instructs him in Christianity

Lars Eriksson

1y↑1

i live in the northen part of sweden and have always thought skraelingjar meaning something like skreamers or somebody that makes alot of noice. in many northen swedish dialects "skräla or skrääl" means screaming or complaining very loud. even sometimes it means brag about something so everybody can hear it.

SmirknSmile

Goat crown at 10:21 is a treasure :)

Also very much enjoying your knowledge and soothing explanations!

Mike Ramberg

4y↑3

Dr. Crawford, are there any passages which shine light on how the Norse viewed the Wends, i.e. the Slavs along the western shore of the Baltic? I have heard that there are quite a few references to them in the sagas, and they were apparently just as active as traders and pirates in that Sea as the Norse themselves were.

Chrissie

4y↑7

The conquistadors had a much more important advantage than gunpowder, native allies. The natives of central american HATED the Aztecs, and were more than happy to ally with the newcomers against them. This is what allowed them to gain a massive foothold in the Americas, and convinced them to come over in force and press their luck further.

Alex Castillo

Dr Crawford is the best in business... starting to understand some old nores just from watching his videos...

Fallen

4y↑17

Hey, first. Keep teaching us new things/facts, Jackson! I'm currently learning old Norse with you! :D

Phantom Ugly

4y↑2

There have also been writings in 1180 from mattheus saga postula (likely put together in France) about the land called Aethiopia, which the northmen called blaland, a land where blamaðr or blamenn(bluemen) live. They are described as men with burnt skin from the sun and are often described as dangerous and strong.

Jake Rau

4y↑3

Great content as always👍🍻

James Cotter

4y↑1

Just wrote a story for my audio-story podcast of a lost son of Hercules adventuring and performing labors in Nordic lands. Dr. Crawford’s knowledge and videos were invaluable!

Mat Dorey

4y↑2

Great video! Also, just discovered the wonder of YouTube’s automatic closed captioning trying to make sense of your Old Norse!! 😂

Javier Gil-Ruiz

3y↑1

It would be interesting to know what the norse thought of the culture of the byzantine empire greeks.

latieplolo

4y↑2

Does anyone know of a good resource to learn more about the Varangian Guard and interactions between Byzantines and Scandinavians?

ZachofallTrades

4y↑9

Have you considered naming the Goats? I'd be interested in what you decide on and I think you like them enough to already have some ideas.

NorseEye

4y↑1

About the word skrælingjar, modern swedish words ”skråla” or ”skräna” in english kind of means ”making loud noises vocally”. The words are mostly used in negative terms, for example if someone is being too loud, yelling or even if someone is singing badly.
If I’m not wrong Native Americans often made their distinct war cries when they charged into battles... Since those two words are quite similar to the word skræling the word could maybe had meant something like ”the loud people” / ”the people that are making loud and unpleasant noises”?
Might be far fetched but just a theory.

Sylvius the Mad

4y↑1

The skrælings themselves where probably Beothuk people (Newfoundland was sparsely inhabited by the Beothuk when John Cabot arrived in the late 15th century), but they are now extinct and we know almost nothing about their language or culture.

Faithless Hound

In a lot of countries, foreign witches and seers are thought to be more powerful than native ones. In early modern Britain, Gypsies were thought to be more magical, and even today fortune-tellers may pose as Roma.

iscrewy

4y↑59

5:16
Jackson: "Nothing can escape them, neither men nor animals."
Bighorn in the background, on the left: perks up "Excuse me w0t was that?"

Bob Pilarski

4y↑2

I read somewhere (sorry I don't remember source) that Tyrke (sorry if misspelled) was Slavic and may explain why he wasn't understood more so than the fact he was continental German.

Rexha's Roleplays

4y↑40

When homie started speaking Norse, I was done, very impressive.

Adanger

I have heard that there were contact between the western Roman empire and what later became the Norse? Love being educated like this. Adore the goats:D

Rune Guidance

4y↑4

Thnx Jackson for talking about it. As a Swedish/Finn/Sami völva you know I've been looking forward on your opinion 😀.

Кроликъ. Пасхальный.

4y↑1

About Arkhangelsk - you've pronounced it with a pretty rough "kh" sound, rather Arabic or Hebrew than Russian (our [h] is more like in Scottish, I guess).
Thank you for the video, it's great as always!

Hvitserk

In Norwegian, Arkhangelsk is pronounced with a rather strong "kh" sound - basically two words put together "Arkh - angelsk".

Desi

4y↑4

Wonderful! Thank you for this video! I envy the weather (and the goats lol) it is raining here in South Ga USA. Thank you again 😊

pigdestr0yer1973

2y↑1

Good explanation (I´m Norwegian). By the way: That view on the sami people, that you are talking about, is (unfortunately) still something that is ... well, at least vaguely, part of our culture. Deep down, we still see them as wild and uncivilized. Just goes to show how deep these ingrained cultural conceptions are.

Nicolai By

> Deep down, we still see them as wild and uncivilized.

What? Speak for yourself lol

It is a fact though that the Sami still engage in superstitious activities like 'ganding'. Its rarer these days but its an associated with them for a reason.

pigdestr0yer1973

@Nicolai By Ganding? Ah ha ha, you just proved my point. No, they don’t do that anymore.

L O'Kane

What a good one, Jackson! Thanks

MarvAlice

The real question is, what did they think of mountain sheep like those?

Helena Alexandra

4y↑9

Thank you, love your videos! -Greetings from Sweden!

Patrick Robinson

4y↑4

2:10 It's interesting how in there in Norman period source from England. Recording the rebellion of Hereward the Wake. Hereward and his rebels held out against the Normans on the island of Ely, which was surrounded by marshes. The normans in response built a great scaffold and put a witch on top to curse then. But Hereward is supposed to have managed to set fire to the wooden tower and topple the witch. Interesting that the same practice is recorded well into the Christian period.

eedwardgrey2

4y↑8

5:12 The Russians also kinda noticed this about the Finns in the 20th century

Alex KK6ZLY

Gosh these are always SO GOOD!!

Bit St. Clair

Awesome I had on C.C. which does not do well any way. At the point you started in with the old Norse it totally lost it. Thanks for the information and a good laugh.

Zugwat the Barbarian

4y↑1

@15:56 The main edge that Cortez and fellow Conquistadores had were largely due to alliances made with rival polities against say the Aztecs or the Inka Empire.

In Ross Hasig's "Aztec Warfare" (which I'd highly recommend) he notes that the Spanish initially did shock Aztec forces with gunpowder weapons, they quickly managed to adapt to them and by the tailend of the conquest the Spanish were so low on gunpowder that they were attempting to build a catapult. Cavalry is the aspect Aztecs had more issues with since while they quickly understood that guns and cannons launch projectiles, they'd never developed countermeasures to animals and troops they had never seen before. Though again, he notes that they adapted to cavalry as well (though with some difficulty). With that in mind, Spanish conquest relied overwhelmingly on the immense amount of troops that rival polities such as the Tlaxcalans provided.

As the Norse had no way to communicate (whereas the Spanish had a couple translators) and lacked rival groups to ally with in Canada, they could not maintain a foothold in the region for very long when hostilities arouse as they were outnumbered and couldn't exploit rivalries.

Riddick

I have read an interpretation that the word Skrælingjar has its origin in the fact that they perceived the people of Vinland as loud and that it sounded like they shouted when they spoke. In the same text it was also described that the Vikings who had met people from Africa called these Africans Blue Men. I have no idea if the authors of this text are correct

Seth the Magnificent

36w

Africans are called Blue Men in Irish too. Black Man, translated means Death or the Devil as far as I recall

murun buchstanzangur

4y↑32

Such a fitting background. Looks almost like parts of Sweden.

hardgaymania

4y↑4

Norrlandske granskogar

revilo178

3y↑2

16:00 The British had a hell of a hard time settling in North America too, with the earliest colonies having to be abandoned soon after their establishment and the like.
As far as I know, gunpowder was far less decisive in the conquest of the Americas by the Europeans than people tend to think.

J. Steve Bergquist

3y↑1

There's a difference between scrappy settler outfits with tens or hundreds of people and a whole kingdom sending a conquering armed force to start a colony, like Spain and Portugal racing to colonise South/Meso America. I'd agree though that we're talking about hundreds of years of history so "gunpowder" is obviously too simple of an explanation to describe everything, especially since most of indigenous North Americans died from all the Europeans' new illnesses. People are pretty easy to conquer when they're dead from pneumonia.

revilo178

3y↑1

@J. Steve Bergquist I wasn't comparing the British to the Spaniards, but the Vikings to the British.

Warrior of Sunlight7777777

The Spaniards were mainly so successful because they had plate armor, and steel weapons, neither of which the native’s weapons or armor could do much at all against, and large, organized forces employing tactics and strategies evolving from thousands of years of European warfare that were FAR superior to the relatively extremely primitive ones utilized by the natives. The gunpowder part is really overstated, as guns back then took so long to reload that they were mostly useful for the opening of a battle, and weren’t nearly as effective as modern firearms, especially once the two forces collided. Not to mention the Spaniards had horses.

revilo178

@Warrior of Sunlight7777777 They were also helped a lot by the illnesses they brought along as well as by the fact that those central and South American empires were built on very shaky foundations. Cortez, for instance, could easily rally all the subjects of the Aztec empire against their masters. Without them, he would hardly have had an army large enough to successfully take on the Aztecs and conquer their capital city.

Ottawa3453

4y↑6

Jackson at one with nature :D

Der Shogun

4y↑3

I would've found it interesting to hear about their opinions about the slavs, especcialy the rus, with whom they even intermarried, if i am informed right...

GusEks

4y↑3

If they called sami Finna/finnr how did they distinct them from Finns? Did they have a special word for that or did they just call them all finn?

Alaine Rook Kitsunev

4y↑4

There used to be very many tribes in modern day Finland and they all probrably had different names for themselves and maybe swedes and norwegians just began calling every Finnish tribe Finns and Sami tribes sami, maybe Finns are called Finns nowadays because of a misunderstanding that happened 1000years ago (maybe someone went to study Finns but actually encountered Finns instead of Sami wich used to be called Finns)

logitimate

4y↑4

My impression is that "Finn" in the saga-writing era meant more or less "member of a people who speak a Fenno-Samic language," and narrowed down to its present meaning later. I'm not aware of any specific term to distinguish settled "Finns" from nomadic Finns (i.e., Sami).

Mea Dish

@logitimate In the writings of the Greek/East Roman Procopius/Prokopios in the 500s, there is the word 'skrithiphinoi' (skridhfinnr), which is usually interpreted as 'skiiing Finns' and is thought to have referred to the mountain living Sámi population.

Viracocha

Were the Skraelingr probably the Beothuk people?

Also, do we know what they thought about the Inuit and Dorset cultures?

Lulzifer

The Norse in Greenland referred to the Inuit as skrælingjar. There most likely wasn't much contact between the groups, and what little contact there was probably wasn't very cordial. This is evidenced by the lack of cultural cross-pollination during the Norse settlement of Greenland. The Norse didn't adopt any of the tools or hunting practices of the Inuits, which was probably one of the factors for them failing to maintain the settlement during the medieval cold period known as the "Little Ice Age". The Inuits thrived with their harpoons and kayaks, whilst the Norse saw their crops and livestock whither away as the climate got colder. At that point they had also stopped receiving supplies from mainland Europe which only worsened the situation. This eventually lead to the Norse abandoning the settlement. Funnily enough, it was only after the protestant reformation that Denmark (having gained control over Norway and her overseas territories through the Kalmar Union) showed renewed interest in the then long forgotten and neglected settlement in Greenland. The thought of there still being Catholics (gasp!) somewhere that technically belonged to the Danish crown was enough to warrant sending missionaries and colonizers. To their surprise, once they got there they found no Norse Catholics to convert, so they had to make due with wreaking havoc on the Inuits' religion and customs instead.

Ellinore Holmer

4y↑4

"Skråla" in Swedish means that you are loud and noisy and difficult to understand, or to sing loudly or scream, so the reason they called the indians "Skrälingar" is probably because they had absolutely no idea what they said, it was all just complete gibberish. So I doubt that it has anything to do with leather :)
I'm so grateful for your channel! I can easily see many words still related to the Swedish language, it's so interesting, I love languages and etymology! Tack så mycket!
/ Ellinore

jon h

same word in faroes

Börje Svensson

A good comparison is how barbarian aparantly come from how greeks tought non greeks talked: Bar bar bar bar..

Ellinore Holmer

@Börje Svensson Yes! Although, I thought that were the Romans?

Börje Svensson

@Ellinore Holmer I have always heard the greeks.

Ellinore Holmer

@Börje Svensson Ok, well it was a long time ago :)

Peyton Fullmer

4y↑3

It's interesting how the Sami have always been reffered to as witches makes me wonder

HotDogTimeMachine

I am surprised they never mentioned continental european cultures like the Germanic and Slavic tribes.

Make it, better.

3y↑3

...and Dr. Jackson Crawford wins the award for best Zoom background.

H. H.

4y↑2

I kind of expected the Slavs to be mentioned, but I guess there's probably a lot of bias in the info based on where most of the writings are from.

Tor Bygjordet

4y↑9

King Olav married a slav princess, daughter of Boleslaw. The norse didn't call them slavs, but vendere (a name for the western slavs)

Doik

4y↑6

Such a cool video, I'm Finnish, Swedish, Algonquin, and Scottish (close enough??). Sicilian as well.

Argenti Ignis

I love this channel!!!!

Vasco Marques

3y↑1

This channel is precious

Jan Lundberg

I have heard that the Sami used to sew the boards of a seaweasel together and the Vikingships used the same tekniqui borrowed from the Sami.

Tee Price

Nicely done

GodmyX

4y↑2

Thanks for that beautiful video!
Greetings from the Czech Republic!

Christine Rampton

Interesting, thankyou so much!💖

justinjrobart

the wildlife is a wonderful touch and rather than listen I actually watched. fun stuff

David Hess

I love this channel! Praise Odin

sara

Amazing content

Rafael Ferreira

4y↑4

Micha Bach

4y↑4

I'm not an expert on the matter, but I recently read an article that seems to answer your question. The following is a direct quote from the article's abstract:
The Proto-Saami language appears to have first evolved somewhere in the Lakeland of southern Finland and Karelia in the Early Iron Age. A broad body of evidence points to the conclusion that the Middle Iron Age (ca. 300–800 AD) in Lapland has been a period of radical ethnic, social, and linguistic change: in this period the Proto-Saami language spread to the area from the south and Saami ethnicities formed. Prior to this, Lapland was inhabited by people of unknown ethnicity that spoke non-Uralic languages, many relics of which survive in Saami vocabulary and place-names.
In the archaeological record of Lapland the Middle Iron Age is an obscure period characterized by sparse finds and lack of ceramics and iron production. This apparent correlation between ‘archaeological invisibility’ and major ethnolinguistic change poses intriguing questions regarding the nature of this period of Saami prehistory.
The article is called "An essay on Saami ethnolinguistic prehistory". It has been written by Ante Aikio, professor of Sami language at the Sami University of Applied Sciences in Norway. It was published in 2012 by the Finno-Ugrian Society in Finland.

skrolle

3y↑1

Sorry for necroing this discussion, but the similarities lie in that even though the Norse and the Sámi were geographical neighbours, they were very distant culturally, linguistically, and even genetically because they came from different migration waves into Scandinavia. The Sámi were nomadic, while the Norse were agrarian. The Norse were stronger and pushed the Sámi away, but since they were bound by farming, they only went as far north as you could grow wheat, and the only thing that saved the Sámi from being wiped out is that their lands were worthless to the Norse. The Sámi were allowed to fish and herd reindeer on the Fenno-Scandic tundra, because the Norse didn't want it. They interacted, sure, but their interactions were as between a conqueror and the conquered, an invader and the invaded. To the Norse, the Sámi were weaker, poorer, lesser, and therefore insignificant. They respected their perceived magic, but that was pretty much it. When the Norse came, the Sámi moved, or were forced to move. They didn't stay and blend and create a new culture, unlike for example what happened in Normandy, where the Norse and the Franks blended and created the Norman culture.

Rafael Ferreira

@skrolle While I understand your hypothesis, it's fallacious due to two counter-examples:
- For your first point, interactions between Norse & Finns contradict this, the Finns, from which the original culture was in fact more close to the Sami than the Norse, had a successful acculturation with the latter; it could even be argued that Finns were in fact more distant on these plans than the Sami (regarding their cultural ties to Scandinavia) as they're actually a latter arrival in the region.
- Your second point is invalid, although it appear as unrealistic, it's possible to make agricultural activities in most Sami areas, there are in fact Neolithic settlements which had such. Furthermore, Sami did live in South Scandinavia, as far as Oslo & possibly in South Sweden too in ancient times among Norse, there's evidences of that.

As such & while the differences in culture may have played a little in those circumstances, I still don't think they're the main explanation, there should still be other things...

TheGamingNovice

3y↑2

"Irish and unlikeable" boy some things just never change...we just can't catch a break. lol

lhp

I found that reference a bit puzzling. "...var írskr ok heldr óvinsæll", I'd read - admittedly with no proper deeper knowledge of old norse - as "var irsk og helt uvennesæl" in Danish. Although "vennesæl" is a rare word in modern Danish, I wouldn't first interpret it as "likeable", but rather as "friendly"; meaning the Irish person named is perhaps not just unlikeable, but actively unfriendly, or maybe even hostile? I've googled a little, and though "vinsæll" seems to mean popular or likeable, I also found one place making the distinction. I realise the manings overlap, but there is a nuance difference. Melkólfur was perhaps not directly unlikeable, but simply unfriendly or unwelcoming. In this sense it becomes less demeaning?

demon wolf34

What are the chances of me being of norse blood?

I am Russian, German, Scottish, Irish, Bohemian, Dutch and native American. choctaw to be exact

Also I have proven to be pretty quick in learning how to pronounce a lot of the words in the Norse/Pagan Folk song Yggdrasill.

And just to add something else, I am very sorry to any dead old norse people. I can't roll the R, I'm trying to work on it but it is proving quite difficult

Blake

Hey now, don't you come at Star Trek like that XD. Darmok is a super interesting episode specifically about trying to communicate with an alien species.

Swarthy

4y↑1

Professor Crawford you remind me of Rollo from the show Vikings on Netflix 😁

Reikianolla

2y↑3

I never understand why Sami specifically are considered "more indigenous" than their brother people Finns or even the Germanic people in the North who have all been up there for something like 3000 years at least.