Cash was known for his deep, calm bass-baritone voice, the distinctive sound of his Tennessee Three backing band characterized by train-sound guitar rhythms, a rebelliousness coupled with an increasingly somber and humble demeanor, free prison concerts, and a trademark, all-black stage wardrobe, which earned him the nickname "The Man in Black." He traditionally began his concerts by simply introducing himself, "Hello, I'm Johnny Cash," followed by his signature song "Folsom Prison Blues".
Much of Cash's music contained themes of sorrow, moral tribulation, and redemption, especially in the later stages of his career. His other signature songs include "I Walk the Line", "Ring of Fire", "Get Rhythm", and "Man in Black". He also recorded humorous numbers like "One Piece at a Time" and "A Boy Named Sue"; a duet with his future wife, June Carter, called "Jackson" (followed by many further duets after their wedding); and railroad songs including "Hey, Porter", "Orange Blossom Special", and "Rock Island Line". During the last stage of his career, Cash covered songs by several late 20th-century rock artists, notably "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails and "Rusty Cage" by Soundgarden.
Johnny Cash was born on February 26, 1932, in Kingsland, Arkansas, to Ray Cash and Carrie Cloveree (née Rivers). He was the fourth of seven children, who were in birth order: Roy, Margaret Louise, Jack, J. R., Reba, Joanne, and Tommy (who also became a successful country artist). He was primarily of English and Scottish descent. As an adult he traced his surname to 11th-century Fife, after meeting with the then-laird of Falkland, Major Michael Crichton-Stuart. Cash Loch and other locations in Fife bear the name of his family.
At birth, Cash was named J. R. Cash. When Cash enlisted in the United States Air Force, he was not permitted to use initials as a first name, so he changed his name to John R. Cash. In 1955, when signing with Sun Records, he started going by Johnny Cash.
In March 1935, when Cash was three years old, the family settled in Dyess, Arkansas, a New Deal colony established to give poor families a chance to work land that they had a chance to own as a result. Cash started working in cotton fields at the age of five, singing along with his family while working. The Cash farm experienced a flood during the family's time in Dyess, which led Cash later to write the song "Five Feet High and Rising". His family's economic and personal struggles during the Great Depression inspired many of his songs, especially those about other people facing similar difficulties. Consequently, Cash had sympathy for the poor and working class throughout his life.
Cash was very close to his older brother, Jack. On Saturday May 12, 1944, Jack was pulled into an unguarded table saw at his high school while cutting oak into fence posts as his job and was almost cut in two. He lingered until the following Saturday, when he died. Cash often spoke of the horrible guilt he felt over this incident; according to Cash: The Autobiography, his father was away that morning, but Johnny, his mother, and even Jack himself, all had premonitions or a sense of foreboding about that day. His mother urged Jack to skip work and go fishing with his brother, but Jack insisted on working since the family needed the money at the time. On his deathbed, Jack said he had visions of Heaven and angels. Decades later, Cash spoke of looking forward to meeting his brother in Heaven.
Cash's early memories were dominated by gospel music and radio. Taught guitar by his mother and a childhood friend, Cash began playing and writing songs at the age of 12. When young, Cash had a high-tenor voice, before becoming a bass-baritone after his voice changed.
In high school, he sang on a local radio station. Decades later, he released an album of traditional gospel songs, called My Mother's Hymn Book. He was also significantly influenced by traditional Irish music, which he heard performed weekly by Dennis Day on the Jack Benny radio program.
In 1997, Cash was diagnosed with the neurodegenerative disease Shy–Drager syndrome, a form of multiple system atrophy. According to biographer Robert Hilburn, the disease was originally misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease, and Cash even announced to his audience that he had Parkinson's after nearly collapsing on stage in Flint, Michigan, on October 25, 1997. Soon afterwards, his diagnosis was changed to Shy–Drager, and Cash was told he had about 18 months to live. The diagnosis was later again altered to autonomic neuropathy associated with diabetes. The illness forced Cash to curtail his touring. He was hospitalized in 1998 with severe pneumonia, which damaged his lungs.
During the last stage of his career, Cash released the albums American III: Solitary Man (2000) and American IV: The Man Comes Around (2002). American IV included cover songs by several late 20th-century rock artists, notably "Hurt" by Nine Inch Nails and "Personal Jesus" by Depeche Mode. Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails commented that he was initially skeptical about Cash's plan to cover "Hurt", but was later impressed and moved by the rendition. The video for "Hurt" received critical and popular acclaim, including a Grammy Award.
June Carter Cash died on May 15, 2003, at the age of 73. June had told Cash to keep working, so he continued to record, completing 60 more songs in the last four months of his life, and even performed a few surprise shows at the Carter Family Fold outside Bristol, Virginia. At the July 5, 2003, concert (his last public performance), before singing "Ring of Fire", Cash read a statement about his late wife that he had written shortly before taking the stage:
"The spirit of June Carter overshadows me tonight with the love she had for me and the love I have for her. We connect somewhere between here and Heaven. She came down for a short visit, I guess, from Heaven to visit with me tonight to give me courage and inspiration like she always has. She's never been one for me except courage and inspiration. I thank God for June Carter. I love her with all my heart. "
Cash continued to record until shortly before his death. His final recordings were made on August 21, 2003, and consisted of "Like the 309", which appeared on American V: A Hundred Highways in 2006, and the final song he completed, "Engine 143", which was recorded for his son John Carter Cash for a planned Carter Family tribute album.
Ballad of the Harp Weaver
Johnny Cash Lyrics
Jump to: Overall Meaning ↴ Line by Line Meaning ↴
You need of clothes to cover you and not a rag have I
There's nothing in the house to make a boy's britches
Nor shears to cut a cloth with nor thread to take stitches
And the harp with a with the woman's head nobody will by and she began to cry
That was in the early fall and when came the late fall
Son she said the sight of you makes your mother's blood crawl
Little skinny shoulder blades stickin' through your clothes
And where you get a jacket from God above knows
It's lucky for me lad your daddy's in the ground
And can't see the way I let his son go around and she made a queer sound
That was in the late fall when the winter came
I'd not a pair of bridges nor a shirt to my name
I couldn't go to school or out of doors to play
And all the other little boys passed our way
Son said my mother come climb into my lap
And I'll chave your little knees while you take a nap
And oh but we were silly for half an hour or more
Me with my long legs draggin' on the floor
I rocked rocked rocked to a mother goose rhyme
Oh but we were happy for half an hour's time
But there was I a great boy and what would folks say
To hear my mother singin' me to sleep all day in such a daft way
Men say the winter was bad that year fuel was scarce and food was dear
A wind with a wolf's head howled about our door
And we burned up the chairs and sat upon the floor
All that was left us was a chair we couldn't break
And the harp with the woman's head nobody would take for song or pity sake
The night before Christmas I cried with the cold
I cried myself to sleep like a two year old
And in the deep night I felt my mother rise
And stare down upon me with love in her eyes
I saw my mother sitting on the one good chair
A light falling on her face from I couldn't tell where
Looking nineteen and not a day older
And the harp with the woman's head leaned against her shoulder
Her thin fingers moving in the thin tall strings
Were weave weave weaving wonderful things
Many bright threads from where I couldn't see
Were running through the harp strings rapidly
And gold threads whistlin' through my mother's hands
I saw the web grow and the pattern expand
She wove a child's jacket and when it was done
She laid it on the floor and wove another one
She wove a red cloak so regal to see
She's made it for a king's son I said and not for me but I knew it was for me
She wove a pair of bridges and quicker than that
She wove a pair of boots a little cocked hat
She wove a pair of mittens she wove a little blouse
She wove all night in the still cold house
She sang as she worked and the harp strings spoke
But her voice never faltered and the thread never broke
But when I awoke there sat my mother
With the harp against her shoulder lookin' nineteen and not a day older
A smile about her lips and a light about her head
And her hands in the harp strings frozen dead
And piled up beside her toppling to the skies
Were the clothes of a king's son just my size
The Ballad of the Harp Weaver is a melancholic, yet inspiring, poem by Edna St. Vincent Millay turned into a song by Johnny Cash. The song tells the story of poverty and deprivation, where the mother and son struggle to survive the harsh winter. The song begins with the mother lamenting the fact that she has nothing to offer her child. She has no fabric, scissors, or a needle to make his clothes. The only things she owns are a bowl of oatmeal and a harp with a woman's head, which no one will buy, and she bursts into tears.
As winter approaches, the mother weeps over her son's skeletal frame clothed in rags. She wishes his father were alive to see his son's pitiful state. In the bitter and cold winter, the situation worsens, forcing the mother to keep her son warm by cradling him in her lap and singing him lullabies. The cold was so unbearable that they had to burn their chairs and sit on the floor. But even after everything, the only possession that remained of any worth was the harp with the woman's head.
On the night of Christmas Eve, the mother weaves magical clothes for her son from the harp's strings. She worked all night, singing and weaving. And when her son wakes up the next morning, he finds himself wearing new clothes, “the clothes of a king's son just my size.” The mother, frozen in her seat, dead but smiling, had bequeathed her child a new life.
Line by Line Meaning
Son said my mother when I was knee high
My mother said to me when I was just a kid,
You need of clothes to cover you and not a rag have I
I needed clothes to keep me warm, but my mother didn't have any to give me.
There's nothing in the house to make a boy's britches
We didn't have any materials to make pants for me.
Nor shears to cut a cloth with nor thread to take stitches
We didn't have any tools, like scissors or thread, to make clothes with.
There's nothing in the house but a leaf end of rye
All we had was a bit of rye, which wasn't very useful for making clothing.
And the harp with a with the woman's head nobody will by and she began to cry
The only other thing we had was a harp with a carving of a woman's head on it, but no one would buy it. This made my mother sad.
That was in the early fall and when came the late fall
This all happened in the early and later parts of the fall season.
Son she said the sight of you makes your mother's blood crawl
My mother was upset to see how thin and poorly clothed I was.
Little skinny shoulder blades stickin' through your clothes
My clothes were so worn out and ill-fitting that my shoulder blades could be seen through them.
And where you get a jacket from God above knows
My mother didn't know where to get me a jacket from.
It's lucky for me lad your daddy's in the ground
My father had passed away, so he didn't have to see how poorly we were doing.
And can't see the way I let his son go around and she made a queer sound
My mother was upset to think about how my father would feel if he were still alive and saw how poorly we were doing.
That was in the late fall when the winter came
This was later in the fall, just before winter arrived.
I'd not a pair of bridges nor a shirt to my name
I didn't have any pants or shirt to wear.
I couldn't go to school or out of doors to play
I couldn't even go to school or play outside because I didn't have suitable clothing.
And all the other little boys passed our way
All the other boys in the town had nice clothes, and it made me feel left out and embarrassed.
Son said my mother come climb into my lap
My mother asked me to come sit in her lap.
And I'll chave your little knees while you take a nap
She promised to rub my knees until I fell asleep for a nap.
And oh but we were silly for half an hour or more
We spent some time being silly and having fun together.
Me with my long legs draggin' on the floor
I was so tall that my legs were dragging on the floor while I sat in her lap.
I rocked rocked rocked to a mother goose rhyme
She rocked me back and forth while singing a popular nursery rhyme.
Oh but we were happy for half an hour's time
We were content and happy for at least a little while.
Men say the winter was bad that year fuel was scarce and food was dear
That winter was particularly harsh, and supplies like fuel and food were scarce, making things even harder for us.
A wind with a wolf's head howled about our door
The wind was so strong that it sounded like a wolf's howl outside our door.
And we burned up the chairs and sat upon the floor
We had to burn our furniture for heat and had to sit on the floor instead.
All that was left us was a chair we couldn't break
All we had left was one chair, which we couldn't even use for fuel or warmth.
And the harp with the woman's head nobody would take for song or pity sake
No one even wanted to buy our harp, which we could have sold to get some money to help us through the winter.
The night before Christmas I cried with the cold
On Christmas Eve, I was so cold that I cried myself to sleep.
I cried myself to sleep like a two year old
I was so upset and cold that I cried like a small child would.
And in the deep night I felt my mother rise
During the night, I felt my mother get up from where she was sleeping.
And stare down upon me with love in her eyes
She looked down at me with a loving expression on her face.
I saw my mother sitting on the one good chair
The chair that we were able to keep was the only one left that was still in good condition.
A light falling on her face from I couldn't tell where
There was a strange light illuminating her face, but I couldn't tell where it was coming from.
Looking nineteen and not a day older
My mother looked young and beautiful, as if she hadn't aged a day since I was born.
And the harp with the woman's head leaned against her shoulder
The harp, which no one wanted to buy, was now resting against my mother's shoulder.
Her thin fingers moving in the thin tall strings
She started playing the harp, plucking at the thin, tall strings.
Were weave weave weaving wonderful things
As she played, she was also weaving, creating something amazing.
Many bright threads from where I couldn't see
There were lots of bright, colorful threads that I couldn't quite see clearly.
Were running through the harp strings rapidly
The threads were running through the harp strings quickly, almost as if they were being woven together at the same time.
And gold threads whistlin' through my mother's hands
There were even some golden threads weaving through her fingers as she worked.
I saw the web grow and the pattern expand
The fabric she was working on was growing bigger and bigger, and the pattern was becoming more complex.
She wove a child's jacket and when it was done
After a while, she had woven a jacket for me to wear.
She laid it on the floor and wove another one
She was so skilled at weaving that she didn't even have to stop to admire her work; she immediately started on another jacket.
She wove a red cloak so regal to see
She continued weaving, creating a beautiful and regal-looking red cloak.
She's made it for a king's son I said and not for me but I knew it was for me
I pretended that the cloak was fit for a king, but I knew deep down that she had made it for me.
She wove a pair of bridges and quicker than that
She wove a pair of pants for me faster than I could even believe possible.
She wove a pair of boots a little cocked hat
Next, she wove me a pair of boots and a small hat to keep me warm.
She wove a pair of mittens she wove a little blouse
Finally, she wove me some mittens and a little blouse to complete my new outfit.
She wove all night in the still cold house
My mother worked tirelessly all night, despite the cold temperatures in our home.
She sang as she worked and the harp strings spoke
As she worked, she sang, and the harp's strings seemed to come to life and speak with her music.
But her voice never faltered and the thread never broke
Despite working all night, my mother's voice continued to be strong, and she never made any mistakes in her weaving.
But when I awoke there sat my mother
When I woke up, my mother was sitting there by the chair.
With the harp against her shoulder lookin' nineteen and not a day older
She was still holding the harp, and she looked young and beautiful just as before.
A smile about her lips and a light about her head
She had a smile on her face, and there was a light shining around her head.
And her hands in the harp strings frozen dead
However, her hands were stiff and frozen, as if she had been working all night without stopping.
And piled up beside her toppling to the skies
Next to her were all the clothes she had woven for me, piled up so high that they seemed to be reaching up to the sky.
Were the clothes of a king's son just my size
All the clothes were beautiful and looked like they were fit for a king, but they were all perfectly my size.
Lyrics © O/B/O APRA AMCOS
Lyrics Licensed & Provided by LyricFind
Anonymous
on Wayfaring Stranger
Wayfaring Stranger - The New Appalachians - Lyrics
I am a poor wayfaring stranger
Traveling through this world alone
There will be no sickness, toil or danger
In that grand land to which I roam
Well I'm going home to see my mother
I'm going home to a morning rose
I'm only goin' over Jordan
I'm only goin' over home
Musical Interlude
I know dark clouds will gather 'round me
I know my way is rough and steep
And beautiful fields lie just before me
Where God's redeemed there vigils keep
Well I'm going home to see my brothers
I'm going home no more to roam
I'm only goin' over Jordan
I'm only goin' over home
Musical Interlude
I'm going home to see my Father
I'm going home no more to roam
I'm only goin' over Jordan
I’m only goin’ where no one roams
I want to wear that crown of glory
When I get to that good land
I want to shout out salvation story
In concert with that blood washed band.
I'm going there to see my saviour
I’ll see his face no more to roam
I'm only going over Jordan
I'm only going over home
I'm only goin' over home