Illmatic was a critically acclaimed bestseller and is widely considered one of the greatest rap albums of all time. He married R&B singer Kelis in 2005, they have one son together, and she filed for divorce on the 29th of April 2009. Nas was also a part of hip hop supergroup The Firm, which released one album.
In the years following the release of Illmatic, Nas pursued a more commercial direction, which resulted in wider success but decreased artistic credibility among critics and hip-hop purists. Furthermore, Nas' increased commercial success was accompanied by stylistic changes that fostered accusations of "selling out". Nevertheless, the LP Stillmatic is often credited for restoring Nas' credibility among fans. Since the success of Stillmatic, Nas continues to maintain a high profile within the hip hop community, and has pursued a decidedly progressive and personal aesthetic. While Nas' current artistic direction differs greatly from his most successful work, it has ensured that he remains one of the most respected and acclaimed contemporary rappers.
1973–1992: Childhood and early career
Nas was born in Brooklyn, New York, as the elder of Olu Dara and Fannie Ann Jones's two children; his brother Jabari (nicknamed "Jungle" because he was born in the Congo) is the younger of the two. The family lived for a time in Brooklyn, before moving to Queensbridge, the largest public housing project in the United States. Olu Dara left the household in 1986, when Nas was 13, and Ann Jones raised her two boys on her own. Nas dropped out of school in the eighth grade and began selling drugs on the streets of New York. He educated himself, reading about African culture and civilization, the Qur'an, the Bible and the Five Percent Nation. He also studied the origin of hip hop music, taping records that played on his local radio station. As a child, Nas had wanted to be an instrumentalist (at the age of three, Nas played his father's trumpet on the step of their Brooklyn home) and also a comic book artist. Shortly after his parents separated, Nas began to write short stories as he immersed himself deeper into hip-hop culture.
By his preteen years, he had settled on pursuing a career as a rapper, and as a teenager enlisted his best friend and upstairs neighbor Willie "Ill Will" Graham as his DJ. Nas first went by the nickname Kid Wave before adopting his more commonly known alias of Nasty Nas. Nas and Graham soon met hip-hop producer and Flushing Queens resident Large Professor, who introduced Nas to his group, Main Source. In 1991, Nas made his on-record debut with a verse on "Live at the BBQ", from Main Source's LP Breaking Atoms. Despite the substantial buzz for Nas in the underground scene, the rapper was rejected by major labels and was not signed to a recording deal. Nas and Graham continued to work together, but their partnership was cut short when Graham was shot and killed by a gunman in Queensbridge on May 23, 1992.
1992–1995: The recording and release of Illmatic
In mid-1992, Nas was approached by MC Serch of 3rd Bass, who became his manager and secured Nas a record deal with Columbia Records the same year. Nas made his solo debut on the single "Halftime" from Serch's soundtrack for the film Zebrahead. The single increased the buzz surrounding Nas and when MC Serch’s solo album is released later in the year, Nas’ standout appearance on "Back To The Grill" only intensified interest in his upcoming album, amid immense anticipation. Hailed as the second coming of Rakim, his rhyming skills attracted a significant amount of attention within the hip-hop community. However, many were concerned that Columbia, being a major label, would try to dilute his New York based style.
In 1994, Nas' debut album, Illmatic was finally released. Critically acclaimed and widely regarded as one of the premier rap albums ever created, Illmatic featured lyrics that portrayed stunning visual imagery and production courtesy of several producers . The album featured production from Large Professor, Pete Rock, Q-Tip (of A Tribe Called Quest) and DJ Premier, as well as guest appearances from Nas' friend AZ and his father Olu Dara on the song "Life's a Bitch", Illmatic was immediately hailed as a masterpiece by critics, and is still highly regarded as one of the definitive hip-hop albums of all time. Notable songs on the album included "NY State of Mind" (produced by Premier), "The World Is Yours" (produced by Pete Rock), "One Love" (produced by Q-Tip) and "It Ain't Hard To Tell" (produced by Large Professor and featuring a sample of "Human Nature" by Michael Jackson). However, due in part to extensive bootlegging, the record sales fell below expectations.
Following Illmatic, Nas appeared on AZ's Doe Or Die album, and collaborated with his Queensbridge-associates, Mobb Deep, on their album, The Infamous. One notable achievement during this period was Nas' verse on "Verbal Intercourse" on Raekwon's Only Built 4 Cuban Linx. After this appearance, Nas received a Source Quotable as he had the distinction of being the only non-Wu-Tang Clan member to be featured on one of the group's solo albums.
1996–1998: From It Was Written to The Firm
Columbia began to press Nas to work towards more commercial topics like the rapper The Notorious B.I.G., who had become successful by releasing street singles that still retained pop-friendly appeal. Nas traded manager MC Serch for Steve Stoute, and began preparation for his second LP, It Was Written, consciously working towards a crossover-oriented sound. It Was Written, chiefly produced by Poke and Tone of Trackmasters Entertainment, was released during the summer of 1996. Two singles, "If I Ruled The World (Imagine That)" (featuring Lauryn Hill of The Fugees) and "Street Dreams" (a remix features R. Kelly) were instant hits. These songs were promoted by big-budget music videos directed by Hype Williams, making Nas a common name among mainstream hip-hop. Other notable tracks on the album included "The Message" and "I Gave You Power," which tells a story from the perspective of a gun. It Was Written also featured the debut of The Firm, a supergroup consisting of Nas, AZ, Foxy Brown, and Cormega. The album also introduced Nas's Mafioso-inspired character "Nas Escobar", who lived more of a Scarface/Casino-esque lifestyle. On the other hand, Illmatic, which, while having numerous references to Tony Montana and the theatrical hit featuring Al Pacino, was more about Nas' life as a teenager in the projects, hustling and smoking marijuana.
The Firm signed to Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment label, and began working on their debut album. Halfway through the production of the album, Cormega was fired from the group by Steve Stoute, who had unsuccessfully attempted to force Cormega to sign a deal with his management company. Cormega therefore became one of Nas' most vocal opponents, releasing a number of underground hip-hop singles dissing Nas, Stoute, and Nature, who was Cormega's replacement in The Firm. The Firm's The Album was finally released in 1997 to mixed reviews and lackluster sales and the members of the supergroup went their separate ways.
At about this time, Nas became a spokesperson for the Willie Esco urban clothing line, but had no other connection with the clothing line. He stopped promoting Willie Esco in 2000, dissatisfied with the company's operations. During the same period, Nas co-wrote and starred in Hype Williams' 1998 feature film Belly, which also featured DMX, Taral Hicks, and T-Boz of TLC among its cast.
1998–2000: I Am... to Nastradamus
In 1998, Nas began work on a double album to be entitled I Am...The Autobiography, which he intended as the middle ground between the extremes of Illmatic and It Was Written. The album was completed in early 1999, and a music video was shot for its lead single, Nas Is Like, produced by DJ Premier and featuring vocal samples from "It Ain't Hard to Tell". However, much of the LP was leaked in MP3 format onto the Internet, and Nas and Stoute quickly recorded enough substitute material to constitute a single-disc release.
The second single for I Am was "Hate Me Now," featuring Sean "Puffy" Combs (now "Diddy"), was used as an example by Nas' critics for moving towards commercial themes. Hype Williams shot an allegorical video for the single, which featured Nas and Puffy being crucified in a manner similar to Jesus; After the video was completed, Combs, a Catholic, requested his crucifixion scene be edited out of the video. However, the unedited copy of the "Hate Me Now" video made its way to MTV, and was premiered on April 15, 1999 on TRL. A furious Combs and his bodyguards allegedly made their way into Steve Stoute's office and assaulted him, at one point apparently hitting Stoute over the head with a champagne bottle. Stoute pressed charges, but he and Combs settled out-of-court that June.
Columbia had scheduled to release the pirated material from I Am under the title Nastradamus during the latter half of 1999, but, at the last minute, decided Nas should record an entirely new album for release. Nastradamus was therefore rushed to meet a November release date. Though critics were not kind to the album, it did result in a minor hit, the Timbaland-produced "You Owe Me," featuring R&B singer Ginuwine. The only pirated track from I Am... to make it onto Nastradamus was "Project Windows," featuring Ronald Isley. A number of the other bootlegged tracks later made their way onto The Lost Tapes, a collection of underground Nas songs that was released by Columbia in September 2002. The collection saw decent sales and received glowing reviews.
2000–2001: The Nas vs. Jay-Z rivalry and Stillmatic
The highly publicized rivalry between Nas and Jay-Z began as a rivalry between Nas and Jay-Z's protege, Memphis Bleek. On his debut album Coming of Age, Bleek made a song entitled "Memphis Bleek Is", which was similar in concept to Nas' single "Nas is Like". On the same album, Bleek recorded "What You Think Of That" featuring Bleek's mentor Jay-Z, which contains the refrain, "I'ma ball 'til I fall/what you think of that?". In retaliation, "Nastradamus", the title track from Nas' second 1999 album, featured a reference to "What You Think Of That". The lyrics state, "You wanna ball till you fall, I can help you with that/You want beef? I could let a slug melt in your hat." Memphis Bleek perceived the reference on "Nastradamus" as a diss, and therefore dissed Nas on the lead single for his The Understanding LP, My Mind Right".
QB's Finest was a compilation album that featured Nas and a number of other rappers from Queensbridge, including Mobb Deep, Nature, Littles, The Bravehearts (which included Nas' younger brother Jungle among its members), and Cormega, who had briefly reconciled with Nas. The album also featured guest appearances from Queensbridge hip-hop legends Roxanne Shante, MC Shan, and Marley Marl. Shan and Marley Marl both appeared on the lead single "Da Bridge 2001", which was based on Shan & Marl's 1986 recording "The Bridge". "Da Bridge 2001" also featured a response from Nas to Memphis Bleek, in which Nas called out most of the Roc-A-Fella Records roster, including Bleek, Damon Dash, Beanie Sigel, and Jay-Z.
Jay-Z responded to Nas' songs with an onstage swipe during the 2001 Hot 97 Summer Jam concert in New York City, when he premiered his song "Takeover." Initially, the song was to only be a Mobb Deep diss, only including one line about Nas near the end. Nevertheless, Nas recorded the "Stillmatic Freestyle," an underground single which sampled Rakim and Eric B.'s "Paid in Full" beat, and attacked Jay-Z and his Roc-A-Fella label. On his 2001 album, The Blueprint, Jay-Z rewrote "Takeover," dedicating half of the song to dissing Nas, claiming that he had a "...one hot album every ten year average" record (referring to Illmatic) that his flow was weak, and that he had fabricated his past as a hustler.
Nas responded with "Ether", the track begins with gunshots and a repeated, slowed-down sample of Tupac rapping "Fuck Jay-Z." (taken from Tupac's "Fuck Friends") In "Ether," Nas accuses Jay-Z of stealing ("biting") lyrics from The Notorious B.I.G. and brown-nosing Nas and other rappers for fame. Ether was included on Nas' fifth studio album, Stillmatic, released in December 2001. Stillmatic managed to be not only a critically-acclaimed comeback album, but a commercial success as well, albeit not on the level of It Was Written and I Am...; the album debutted at #7 on the Billboard album charts and featured the singles "Got Ur Self A..." and "One Mic." In terms of commercial success, Jay's The Blueprint was certified double-platinum, while Stillmatic went platinum.
Jay-Z responded to "Ether" with a freestyle entitled "Supa Ugly." going into detail about how he had sex with Carmen Bryan, the mother of Nas' daughter Destiny. Nas dismissed the track by claiming that he was no longer with Bryan during the time the affair took place. In a recent interview, however, New York radio station Hot 97 settled the battle taking votes comparing "Ether" and "Supa Ugly," and Nas won with 58% while Jay-Z got 42% of the votes. By 2005, the two rappers had eventually ended their feud without violence or animosity. During Jay-Z's I Declare War - Power House concert, Jay-Z announced to the crowd, "It's bigger than 'I Declare War'. Let's go, Esco!" Nas then joined Jay-Z onstage, and the two then performed "Dead Presidents" together, which Jay-Z had sampled from Nas' song "The World is Yours."
2002–Present: From God's Son to Street's Disciple and beyond
In December 2002, Nas released the God's Son album. and its lead single, "Made You Look". The album debuted at #18 on the Billboard charts despite widespread internet bootlegging. Time Magazine named his album best hip-hop album of the year. Vibe Magazine gave it 4 stars and The Source gave it 4 mics. The second single, the inspirational "I Can", which reworked elements from Beethoven's "Fur Elise", became Nas' biggest hit to date during the spring and summer of 2003, garnering substantial radio airplay on urban, rhythmic, and top 40 radio stations, as well as on the MTV and VH1 music video networks. God's Son also includes several songs dedicated to memory of Nas' mother, who died of cancer in 2002. In 2003, Nas was featured on the Korn song "Play Me", from KoЯn's Take a Look in the Mirror LP.
Nas released his seventh studio album, the critically acclaimed double-disc Street's Disciple, on November 30, 2004. The album's first singles were "Thief's Theme" and "Bridging the Gap", which features his father Olu Dara on vocals. The album also includes "These are Our Heroes", which accuses prominent sports stars and actors such as Kobe Bryant, Lenny Henry, Tiger Woods, and Cuba Gooding, Jr. of neglecting their heritage and background in favour of white values. The videos for "Bridging the Gap" and "Just A Moment" received moderate airplay on MTV and BET. Although the album went platinum, its commercial profile was relatively low compared to the rapper's previous releases.
Nas was featured on Kanye West's album Late Registration on a song titled "We Major". West said the song was Jay-Z's favorite on the album, but West was unable to get Jay-Z to record a vocal for the final mix of the song. He also appeared on Damian Marley's song "Road to Zion" (which also featured newcomer The Game in the video, widening Nas' still growing universally appreciated raps) and several other songs such as "Death Anniversary" and "It Wasn't You" (featuring Lauryn Hill). In addition, Nas was most recently married to the R&B singer Kelis, who is mostly known for her work internationally, but nonetheless released great hits in the U.S. The couple wed on Jan. 8, 2005 in Atlanta, GA, after a two-year engagement.
During this time, Nas announced that his next album would be entirely self-produced and feature no other rappers, and would be titled Nasir, and later that the project would feature other producers after all and would be called Nasdaq: Dow Jones. Neither of these albums ever materialized.
At a free concert in Central Park, New York, Nas made a statement regarding the quality of 50 Cent's music. "this is the real shit, not that 50 Cent shit!" In response, 50 Cent included a stab at Nas by speaking negatively of his wife Kelis on his single "Piggy Bank," implying that Kelis was promiscuous and calling Nas a "sucker for love." Nas was quoted as saying that he feels no obligation to retaliate, remarking "[50 has] got a good five to six more albums before I can really respond to him." Nas eventually decided to retaliate, and in July 2005 released "Don't Body Ya Self (MC Burial)", a song which taunts 50 Cent and his G-Unit crew, stating that 50 was "a sucka for death if I'm a sucka for love." However, despite all of this, Nas still claims to "have a lot of love towards 50," claiming 50 didn't understand his moves when they both were together at Columbia Records.
In January 2006, Nas signed a label deal with Jay-Z's Def Jam, further emphasizing the Jay-Z/Nas truce and raising expectations for a collaboration even higher. His album due in fall of 2006 will come out in a joint deal with this imprint and Columbia Records. He recently announced to MTV News that his album is to be named, "Hip Hop is Dead...the N," the N being a play on the word the "end." The title is supposed to reflect what some would term the current low quality of rap music. The highly anticipated album is due out in December 19th, 2006.
Musical style and Technique
Nas has long been famed for his creativity and storytelling prowess, which has earned him acclaim from both the hip-hop community and critics. In his early stages, from his first appearance on the Main Source's Breaking Atoms and throughout the recording of Illmatic, he was perhaps best known for his street-oriented topics, complex lyrical schemes (which often incorporated multi-syllabic internal rhymes), and witty phrasing and imagery. As he progressed and matured, Nas began to branch out into different subjects and developed a richer voice and slower rapping technique.
Following Illmatic's release, Nas developed a penchant for hyper-visual storytelling and topical creativity. For instance, "Undying Love" (featured on I Am...) is a tale of his wife's betrayal told in first person, "Rewind" (featured on Stillmatic) is a narrative in which a story is recited backwards, while on "I Gave You Power" (featured on It Was Written), Nas assumes the role of a gun who recounts brutal tales of murder and violence. Over the years Nas' style has changed significantly. In contrast to his previous work, Nas’ most recent material is distinctively socially aware and often politically inflammatory. Songs such as "I Can" (featured on God's Son) convey moral messages of black youth empowerment, while "These Are Our Heroes (Coon Picnic)" accuses several African-American celebrities of being Uncle Toms. Furthermore, controversial songs such as "My Country" and "A Message to the Feds (Fuck The Police II)" (which are featured on Stillmatic and Street's Disciple, respectively) question the conduct of the American government. Nas' views in his lyrics throughout his career have made references to Islam and the Five Percent Nation..
The World Is Yours
Nas Lyrics
Jump to: Overall Meaning ↴ Line by Line Meaning ↴
Where can you hide away
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
The world is getting smaller
The population's grown
Where Oh where can sweethearts go
When they wanna be alone
To a quiet spot by the bay
We found some kids playing cowboy there
And they wouldn't go away
So no romance that day
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
We thought that we had the answer
A drive-in movie we planned
But the only place we could find to park
Was next to the pizza stand
And man that's a busy stand
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
The world is getting smaller
And let me ask you this
Where Oh where can sweethearts go
When they wanna steal a kiss
To Lovers Lane we went driving
We parked what did I find
My own kid sister was in the car
That was parked by next to mine
And love withered on the line
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
Dum Diddly-Hi-Dee Dum Diddly-Aye
Where can you hide away
Where can you hide away
Where can you hide away
Where can you hide away
Where can you hide away
The lyrics to Nas's song "The World Is Yours" celebrate individuality and self-determination. It opens with the lines "Whose world is this? The world is yours, the world is yours. It's mine, it's mine, it's mine." This repetition emphasizes the idea that everyone has ownership over their own world and destiny. Throughout the song, Nas raps about his experiences, struggles, and aspirations. He describes drinking Dom Pérignon while watching a movie, writing hard-hitting rhymes, and navigating the dangers of the streets. The lyrics show that he refuses to succumb to society's expectations and instead creates his own path in the world.
The line "I'm out for dead presidents to represent me" is also a standout. The phrase refers to wanting to have a lot of money, but the use of "dead presidents" instead of dollars or cash highlights the idea that presidents on U.S. currency are figures of power and influence. Nas is not just seeking money, but he wants the respect and status that comes with it, so he can represent himself and his community. Additionally, the song's memorable hook "It's yours" is a call to action, encouraging listeners to take control of their lives and make the most of their opportunities.
Line by Line Meaning
Whose world is this?
Questioning whose world we live in
The world is yours, the world is yours
Asserting that the world is yours for the taking
It's mine, it's mine, it's mine
Emphasizing that the world belongs to you personally
I sip the Dom P, watching "Gandhi" 'til I'm charged
Enjoying the finer things in life and seeking inspiration from influential figures
Then writing in my book of rhymes, all the words past the margin
Taking creativity beyond the limits
To hold the mic I'm throbbin', mechanical movement
Being passionate about performing and delivering a flawless performance
Understandable smooth shit that murderers move with
Having a smooth flow and being respected for lyrical ability like successful criminals are respected in their circles
The thief's theme, play me at night, they won't act right
Creating music that resonates with those who have a criminal lifestyle
The fiend of hip-hop has got me stuck like a crack pipe
Being addicted to the rush of creating and performing music
The mind activation, react like I'm facin' time like
Feeling the pressure to create something impactful and timeless
Pappy Mason, with pens I'm embracin'
Embracing the pen as a powerful tool for self-expression, like Pappy Mason did when he was incarcerated
Wipe the sweat off my dome, spit the phlegm on the streets
Showing the grit and rawness of street life
Suede Timb's on my feets makes my cipher complete
Rocking stylish and comfortable footwear as a symbol of success and confidence
Whether crusing in a Sikh's cab, or Montero Jeep
Being versatile and adaptable while still maintaining your identity
I can't call it, the beats make me fallin' asleep
Getting lost in the soundscape of the music and feeling completely immersed in it
I keep falling, but never falling six feet deep
Experiencing setbacks and failures, but always bouncing back stronger
I'm out for presidents to represent me (say what?)
Striving for financial success and respect
To my man Ill Will, God bless your life (it's yours)
Paying tribute to a lost friend and wishing him well in the afterlife
To my peoples throughout Queens, God bless your life
Acknowledging the support of the community and wishing them well
I trip, we box up crazy bitches
Dealing with the ups and downs of relationships
Aiming guns in all my baby pictures
Reflecting on the harsh environment and tough upbringing
Beef with housing police, release scriptures that's maybe Hitler's
Dealing with the oppression and injustice of police brutality
Yet I'm the mild, money-getting style, rolling foul
Being successful and fly despite the obstacles and temptations
The versatile, honey-sticking wild golden child
Being multi-talented, charming, and unique
Dwelling in the Rotten Apple, you get tackled
Living in a harsh environment where it's easy to fall victim to violence
Or caught by the devil's lasso, shit is a hassle
Fighting against the temptations and distractions that can derail your success
There's no days, for broke days we sell it, smoke pays
Struggling to make ends meet and resorting to illegal means to survive
While all the old folks pray to Jesus, soaking their sins in trays
Seeing the desperation of the older generation as they cling to religion for solace and redemption
Of holy water, odds against Nas are slaughter
Facing heavy odds and obstacles in life but being determined to overcome them
Thinking a word best describing my life to name my daughter
Finding inspiration for life and creativity in the simple moments
My strength, my son, the star, will be my resurrection
Placing hope and expectations on the next generation to carry on your legacy
Born in correction, all the wrong shit I did, he'll lead a right direction
Acknowledging past mistakes and hoping to pass on lessons learned to the next generation
How you living? Large, a broker charge, cards are mediocre
Questioning the worth and value of material possessions and flashy lifestyles
You're flipping coke or playing spit, spades and strip poker?
Asking whether others are living a life of crime or just having fun with games and leisure activities
I'm the young city bandit, hold myself down single-handed
Being independent and self-reliant in the pursuit of success
For murder raps, I kick my thoughts alone, get remanded
Facing legal repercussions for the controversial and hard-hitting lyrics
Born alone, die alone, no crew to keep my crown or throne
Knowing that ultimately, you are responsible for your own success or failure
I'm deep by sound alone, caved inside, a thousand miles from home
Finding solace and inspiration in music as a form of escape from loneliness or isolation
I need a new nigga for this black cloud to follow
Feeling burdened and needing someone to share the load of personal and creative struggles
'Cause while it's over me it's too dark to see tomorrow
Feeling lost or hopeless when faced with obstacles or setbacks
Trying to maintain, I flip, fill the clip to the tip
Struggling to stay focused and driven despite distractions and chaos
Picturing my peeps, now the income make my heartbeat skip
Thinking of friends and family and the responsibility to provide for them
And I'm amped up, they locked the champ up, even my brain's in handcuffs
Feeling both physically and mentally constrained, but still determined to succeed
Headed for Indiana, stabbing women like the Phantom
Referencing the real-life serial killer who inspired the movie, Phantom of the Opera
The crew is lampin', Big Willie-style
Being relaxed and confident, flaunting success like a wealthy celebrity
Check the chip-toothed smile, plus I profile wild
Showing off a defiant attitude and a unique appearance
Stash through the flock wools, burning dollars to light my stove
Surviving and thriving in poverty by any means necessary, even if it means spending money on warmth and comfort
Walk the blocks with a bop, checking dames, plus the games
Enjoying the energy and atmosphere of the city, and the excitement of flirting and dating
People play, bust the problems of the world today
Acknowledging the struggles and challenges that exist in the world, and using music to address and confront them
Lyrics © O/B/O APRA AMCOS
Lyrics Licensed & Provided by LyricFind
@makristawilliams3951
Who’s here in 2024?
@Aditya_PS
here
@Leo_CK
Who's not here in 2024
@dgar1206
ill be here from now til infinity #90shiphopkid
@christopherharper9932
💯💯💯💯💯💯💯💯💯💯
@devintaylor8702
Yeah real Hip Hop 😊
@cashscholar
R.I.P. to Legendary jazz musician Ahmad Jamal passed who away yesterday. This classic hip hop song wouldn’t be possible without the sample of Ahmad Jamal’s “I Love Music”
@bake30
May he forever rest in peace.
@richnikov_
Thank you for this gem of knowledge
@slowcuber_aze
May Allah grant him Jannat. His contribution to jazz was revolutionary