The Persuasions were formed in Brooklyn in 1962, singing a cappella under corner streetlights and in subway corridors. Their style combined gospel, soul, early rock and jazz into melodic five-part harmonies. Since being discovered by Frank Zappa, The Persuasions have recorded 25 albums to date featuring the arrangements by Jimmy Hayes, Jerry Lawson, Joe Russell, Jayotis Washington and Herbert Rhoad and studio productions of music including tributes to Frank Zappa, The Beatles & The Grateful Dead.
The Persuasions made appearances on such public affairs television shows as Inside Bedford-Stuyvesant on WNEW-TV and Like it Is on WABC-TV in 1968. Frank Zappa was responsible for The Persuasions' first LP, Acappella. He heard The Persuasions singing over the phone from a New Jersey record shop known as Stan's Square Records. The store's owner, Stan Krause, was the group's manager at the time. Prior to that time, The Persuasions had recorded several a cappella tracks for Krause's record label, Catamount Records. Zappa had an appreciation for soul and street corner style singing, and after hearing the group, flew them to Los Angeles to record their first album. The Persuasions were the opening act at The Mothers concerts at Carnegie Hall, 1971. Thirty years later, Zappa fan Rip Rense supervised and encouraged the group in the creation of a Persuasions tribute CD to Zappa, Frankly A Cappella on Earthbeat Records.
The Persuasions later recorded tribute albums consisting of material by the Grateful Dead (Might as Well), the Beatles (The Persuasions sing the Beatles). The last album they made together prior to Lawson's departure was on the Chesky label titled A Cappella Dreams.
Herbert "Toubo" Rhoad, one of the original members of The Persuasions, died in 1988 while on tour and is survived by his wife April and children Paris and Zina. In 1990, The Persuasions performed on the PBS TV special Spike Lee & Company – "Do It A Cappella". Sweet Joe Russell died in 2012 and is survived by his wife Arelena.
In 2007, Jerry Lawson released his first post-Persuasions a cappella CD with his new group, Jerry Lawson and Talk of The Town. In December 2010, Jerry Lawson and Talk of The Town were featured on Series 2 of NBC's The Sing-Off. Lawson was invited back on season 3 as a featured guest without Talk of the Town. He was accompanied by 16 cast members, performing the Arthur Conley hit (written by Sam Cooke) "Sweet Soul Music". In 2015 he released his debut as a solo artist, Jerry Lawson Just A Mortal Man, on Red Beet Records. It was featured on NPR with host Joel Rose.
Groups as varied as Take 6, Rockapella, The Nylons, and Boyz II Men cite The Persuasions as major influences.
On June 25, 2019, The New York Times Magazine listed The Persuasions among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire.
Personnel
Founding members
Jerry Lawson – tenor, baritone, lead singer, arranger and producer (b. January 23, 1944 Ft. Lauderdale FL - July 10, 2019 Phoenix, Arizona) ex-store detective
Jimmy ‘Bro’ ‘Mr. Bass Man’ Hayes – bass (b. November 12, 1943 Hopewell VA - d. May 18, 2017 New York NY) ex-elevator operator
Joseph Jesse ‘Sweet Joe’ Russell – 2nd tenor (b. September 25, 1939 Henderson NC - d. May 5, 2012 Brooklyn NY) ex-butcher
'Little' Jayotis Washington – 1st tenor, baritone (b. May 12, 1945 Detroit MI) ex-plumber
Herbert 'Toubo' Rhoad - baritone (b. October 1, 1944 Bamberg SC - d. December 8, 1988 Sacramento CA) ex-shoe salesman
Influences
In the liner notes to the 2003 album, A Cappella Dreams, the group revealed their musical influences:
Sweet Joe Russell references The Dixie Hummingbirds, The Mighty Clouds of Joy, The Soul Stirrers, and "all those gospel greats."
Jimmy Hayes speaks of Jimmy Ricks [spelled "Rix" in the notes] and Melvin Franklin.
Jayotis Washington focuses his attention on Louis Jordan.
Ray Sanders thanks all of The Temptations for his influences.
Jerry Lawson cites Roy Hamilton, Sam Cooke, Al Hibbler, Brook Benton, and Elvis Presley as his mentors, adding, "Believe it or not, Elvis was a big influence. I thought he was...a fine singer, and I think we do him pretty good."
Steven Spielberg included The Persusasions' cover of Papa Oom Mow Mow in his film E.T. The Extra Terrestrial.
Discography
Albums
Acappella (1970 Reprise/Straight)
We Came To Play (1971 Capitol, CD reissue Collectables)[14]
Street Corner Symphony (1971 Capitol, CD reissue Collectables)
Spread The Word (1972 Capitol, CD reissue Collectables)
We Still Ain't Got No Band (1973 MCA)
I Just Want To Sing With My Friends (1974; A&M [not yet issued on CD])
More Than Before (1974; A&M [not yet issued on CD])
Chirpin' (1977; Elektra, CD reissue Collectables)
Comin' At Ya (1979; Rounder/Flying Fish)
Good News (1982; Rounder)
No Frills (1985; Rounder)
Do It A Cappella (1990)
Live In The Whispering Gallery (1993; Hammer n' Nails)
Toúbo's Song (1993; Hammer n' Nails)
Ships at Sea, Sailors and Shoes [with Ned Sublette & Lawrence Weiner] (1993; Qbadisc/Excellent)
Right Around The Corner (1994; Rounder/Bullseye Blues)
Sincerely (1996; Rounder/Bullseye Blues)
You're All I Want For Christmas (1997; Rounder/Bullseye Blues)
Man, Oh Man: The Power of The Persuasions (1997; EMI [1970-72 Capitol masters compilation])
On The Good Ship Lollipop (1999; Rhino/Kid Rhino/Music for Little People)
Frankly A Cappella: The Persuasions Sing Zappa (2000; Rhino/EarthBeat)
Might As Well...The Persuasions Sing Grateful Dead (2000; Arista/Grateful Dead)
Sunday Morning Soul (2000; Rounder/Bullseye Blues)
Blue's Big Musical Movie (2000; Rhino/Kid Rhino)
The Persuasions Sing The Beatles (2002; Chesky)
A Cappella Dreams (2003; Chesky)
Collectables Classics (2006; Collectables [Box set containing all 1971, 1972, & 1977 releases])
Essential Recordings: A Cappella Soul (2008; Rounder [1979-86 Rounder/Flying Fish/Bullseye Blues compilation])
The Persuasions Live at McCabe's (2009;Rensart)
Non-album singles
"Party in the Woods" written by Jerry Lawson/"It's Better to Have Loved and Lost" [1968; Minit]
"One Thing on My Mind"/"Darlin'" [1975; A&M]
Guest appearances
1972 Les McCann - Talk to the People - "What's Going On"
1973 Ellen McIlwaine - We the People - "Farther Along"
1973 Garland Jeffreys - Garland Jeffreys
1974 Phoebe Snow - Phoebe Snow - "Good Times"
1974 Stevie Wonder - Fulfillingness' First Finale - "Please Don't Go"
1974 David Essex - David Essex
1976 David Soul - David Soul - "Bird on a Wire"
1978 Melanie - Ballroom Streets - "I Believe"
1978 John Hall - John Hall - "Messin' Round The Wrong Woman"
1979 Jimmie Dockett - Different Moods
1980 Joni Mitchell - Shadows and Light - "Why Do Fools Fall In Love," "Shadows and Light"
1981 The Neville Brothers - Fiyo on the Bayou - "The Ten Commandments of Love"
1987 Rory Block - Best Blues and Originals - "God's Gift to Women"
1991 Various Artists - Zappa's Universe
2000 Paul Pena - New Train - "Gonna Move"
2001 Leon Redbone - Any Time - "In The Shade of the Old Apple Tree"
The following various artists recordings contained otherwise unissued Persuasions recordings:
Various Artists: Bread & Roses: Festival of Acoustic Music (1979; Fantasy)
Various Artists: Spike & Co. Do It A Cappella [soundtrack] (1990; Elektra)
Ned Sublette & Lawrence Weiner (with Kim Weston, Junior Mance, et al.): Monsters from the Deep (1997; Qbadisc/Excellent)
The Persuasions are the undisputed heavyweight champions of a cappella. They are, as the L.A. Weekly wrote, "to singing what Muhammad Ali was to boxing---invincible, innovative, original, beautiful."
The original five Persuasions---Jerry Lawson, Jimmy Hayes, Joe Russell, Jayotis Washington, and Toubo Rhoad---fell together by chance in 1962, harmonizing on outdoor basketball courts in Brooklyn after pick-up games. They went on to release 18 albums, and to perform or record with artists including Liza Minelli, Bette Midler, Stevie Wonder, Lou Reed, Van Morrison, Paul Simon, Joni Mitchell, Gladys Knight, Patti LaBelle, Little Richard, Nancy Wilson, The Neville Brothers, Country Joe McDonald, B.B. King. Their music has turned up in films from Joe and the Volcano to The Heartbreak Kid, Streets of Gold, and E.T.
Throughout the 60s, 70s, and 80s, The Persuasions preached the a cappella gospel almost entirely alone, until the genre suddenly acquired mainstream popularity, partly as an outgrowth of rap and hip-hop. They were in the tradition of great gospel a cappella groups such as The Golden Gate Quartet and The Fairfield Four, but they advanced the art form into a percolating, pulsing meld of rock 'n' roll, soul, country, blues. . .In short, they "Persuasioned" any songs that suited them, and made them their own---from "Papa Oom Mow Mow" to "Curtis Mayfield's "Man Oh Man."
In 1988, baritone Rhoad, whose rough-edged voice was considered the "glue" of the group's sound, blending the high profile voices of Lawson and Russell in particular, died in the middle of a tour from a stroke. His ashes were scattered by his fellow Persuasions in his beloved San Francisco Bay, and the group continued as a quartet for the next seven years, always introducing Rhoad faithfully at each concert. Baritone and former Drifter Bernard "B.J." Jones joined in 1996, and in March, 1999, the addition of first tenor Raymond X. Sanders (The Coasters, The Paragons) made the group a sextet. Both had intermittenly toured and recorded with The Persuasions throughout the '90s.
In 2003, lead singer and founding member Lawson left to pursue an independent career. He is currently embarked on a variety of projects, including his first A Cappella CD since leaving The Persuasions titled "Jerry Lawson & Talk of the Town".. (For more information, please visit http://www.jerrylawson.biz .)
The Persuasions are hailed by a cappella ensembles everywhere as a seminal, inimitable influence. From Rockapella to The Nylons, contemporary vocal bands speak of Persuasions albums with reverence. Critics often place Lawson’s inspired phrasing and warm baritone in the same context with Sam Cooke, Brook Benton, Otis Redding.The collective harmonies, learned on the street corner and honed over decades on the road, gave the group a sound as unmistakable as The Modern Jazz Quartet, or The Beach Boys.
Rock critic and author Greil Marcus once called The Persuasions’ style a "perfect marriage of passion and intelligence," and Rolling Stone rated their 1977 album, Chirpin’, as one of the hundred best works of the 1970s. Mix Magazine proclaimed "The Persuasions are four parts of one voice, one spirit." Cash Box correctly noted, in 1996, "These all-vocal, instrument-free heroes paved the way for today’s platinum a cappella acts, Take 6 and Bobby McFerrin, as well as the retro-hip-hop styles of Boyz II Men and Color Me Badd."
Perhaps, to really understand the charm of this American musical institution, it is best to quote Tom Waits:
"These guys," he said, "are deep sea divers. I’m just a fisherman in a boat."
Why the name, "Persuasions?" Well, as one story goes, the group decided early on that if Christ had to persuade people to listen, and so did five guys without a band.
The original Persuasions came to Brooklyn from Florida (Lawson), North Carolina (Russell), Virginia (Hayes), and Detroit (Washington.) (Newer members Jones and Sanders are New York born-and-raised.) They all came from both church and secular musical backgrounds, and from the start, their repertoire was a mix of gospel, soul, and pop. They graduated from parties to performance by the mid-60s, a pivotal point coming when they worked for Robert F. Kennedy in Project Restoration and other efforts to aid African-Americans in the inner cities. It helped cement their resolve, and sense of mission.
The Persuasions were "discovered" by Frank and Gail Zappa in 1968. The group's friend (and eventual producer/manager of the '70s) David Dashev called Zappa from a New York rehearsal studio, declaring, "You've got to hear this." Zappa was so taken with the tape, even over the phone, that he had Dashev bring it to California for a listen. There, after getting a thumbs-up from an enthused Gail, Frank signed the the group to his own label for Warner Brothers, Straight Records. The Persuasions debuted to the world with the half-studio, and half-live A Cappella, in the fall of 1970.
Said Zappa, to this writer, many years later:
"I could tell, even over the phone, that these guys were something special."
Following their Straight album, The Persuasions signed with Capitol and recorded three of the most arresting vocal albums ever made: the Dashev-produced We Came to Play, Spread the Word, and Street Corner Symphony. They covered tunes by Bob Dylan, Kurt Weill, Curtis Mayfield, Sam Cooke, The Temptations, Joe South, Rogers and Hammerstein, Lennon and McCartney. The Persuasions came to be regarded as hip fare on college radio in the early 70s, and their first albums became, for a short time, FM staples. Dr. Demento, an early champion of the group, enlisted them to record a jingle for his still-running novelty radio show, still fondly remembered by listeners.
Still, ‘70s rock-and-disco-dominated radio never quite figured out how to program or market The Persuasions. Record companies weren't sure how to promote them, regarding them as a curiosity; even a tax write-off. Sure, they were enormously popular on the road, but. . . they had no band, and their material was so eclectic. Were they a novelty? Folk? R&B? Soul? Oldies? Gospel? It took Tower Records at least 20 years to stop filing their records and CDs in "oldies," "vocals," and "R&B," and finally just give them their own category where they belonged: "Rock and Pop."
Asking why The Persuasions’ 1000-plus song repertory is so eclectic is perhaps like asking the same question of Frank Sinatra.
"I don’t believe in categories," Lawson once said. "We love all kinds of music: Brook Benton, gospel, blues, Frank Zappa---hell, we even do ‘I Woke Up In Love This Morning,’ a song I heard on The Partridge Family TV show! It’s all music. Give it to us, and we’ll do it Persuasions-style. There are just certain songs that are Persuasions song."
From Dylan’s "The Man in Me" to Zappa’s withering commentary, "The Meek Shall Inherit Nothing" and Kurt Weill’s "Oh Heavenly Salvation"---even The Grateful Dead’s poignant "Black Muddy River"---The Persuasions imbue songs with a conviction, heart, and humor that perhaps even the authors didn’t intend, or understand. Gail Zappa, upon hearing them sing "Black Muddy River" in concert, later remarked to this writer, incredulity in her voice, "I was in tears over a Grateful Dead song!"
Come Together
The Persuasions Lyrics
Jump to: Overall Meaning ↴ Line by Line Meaning ↴
He come groovin' up slowly
He got joo joo eyeballs
He one holy rollers
He got hair down to his knee
Got to be a joker
He just do what he please
He got toe jam football
He got monkey finger
He shoot Coca Cola
He say I know you, you know me
One thing I can tell you is
You got to be free
Come together, right now
Over me
He bad production
He got walrus gumboot
He got Ono sideboard
He one spinal cracker
He got feet down below his knees
Hold you in his armchair
You can feel his disease
Come together, right now
Over me
He roller coaster
He got early warning
He got muddy water
He one Mojo filter
He say one and one and one is three
Got to be good looking
Cause he's so hard to see
Come together right now
Over me
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
Come together, yeah
The lyrics in The Persuasions' song "Come Together" are a tribute to the power of unity in diversity. The first verse describes a person with unusual characteristics, including "joo joo eyeballs" and "hair down to his knee." Despite his unconventional appearance, the chorus encourages listeners to come together over him. The second verse highlights the eccentricities of this person, referring to his "walrus gumboot" and "Ono sideboard." Again, the chorus reinforces the message of unity. Finally, the third verse describes the person as a "roller coaster" with "muddy water" and "Mojo filter." Through it all, the chorus remains the same, emphasizing the importance of coming together.
The song's focus on unity and diversity is reflective of the broader cultural movement of the 1960s. This period saw a rise in activism and social awareness, including the Civil Rights Movement and the counterculture movement. The Beatles, who originally recorded "Come Together," were a major force in this movement, using their platform to raise awareness about important issues.
Line by Line Meaning
Here come old flat top
The singer is introducing a man named 'flat top'.
He come groovin' up slowly
Flat top is moving slowly in a relaxed, laid-back way.
He got joo joo eyeballs
Flat top's eyes are unusual or mesmerizing in some way.
He one holy rollers
Flat top is a religious person or has strong religious beliefs.
He got hair down to his knee
Flat top has very long hair.
Got to be a joker
Flat top likes to joke around and have fun.
He just do what he please
Flat top acts according to his own desires and impulses regardless of rules or norms.
He wear no shoeshine
Flat top does not polish his shoes or doesn't care about his appearance.
He got toe jam football
Flat top has dirt, grime, or something unpleasant between his toes.
He got monkey finger
Flat top has long or strange fingers, similar to those of a monkey.
He shoot Coca Cola
Flat top is a fan of Coca-Cola or may metaphorically consume or shoot it.
He say I know you, you know me
Flat top claims to know the listener, and in return, the listener should know him too.
One thing I can tell you is
Flat top wants to say something important to the listener.
You got to be free
Flat top encourages the listener to be free and not be constrained by society's expectations.
Come together, right now
Flat top urges people to unite and come together in the present moment.
Over me
It's unclear what 'over me' means, but it could mean that the people coming together are doing so above or in celebration of him.
He bad production
Flat top does something unskilled or subpar in his job or hobby.
He got walrus gumboot
Flat top wears large, unappealing boots resembling those of a walrus.
He got Ono sideboard
Flat top has or enjoys a sideboard designed by Yoko Ono, a Japanese artist and musician.
He one spinal cracker
Flat top is skilled or possessive of unique abilities in cracking people's backs.
He got feet down below his knees
Flat top has very long or unusual legs.
Hold you in his armchair
Flat top can offer a comfortable or cozy place to sit, like an armchair.
You can feel his disease
It's unclear what 'his disease' is, but it could mean that his flaws or personality quirks are palpable or impactful on others.
Come together, right now
Flat top still urges people to unite and come together at this point in the song.
Over me
The meaning of 'over me' remains unclear at this point.
He roller coaster
Flat top is like a roller coaster in some way; perhaps he has ups and downs or is exciting and unpredictable.
He got early warning
Flat top has some kind of advanced knowledge or insight.
He got muddy water
Flat top has 'muddy water,' which could represent unclear or contaminated thoughts or ideas.
He one Mojo filter
Flat top has a mysterious or captivating aura, like a mojo or charm.
He say one and one and one is three
Flat top makes a mystical or nonsensical statement about the nature of numbers or reality.
Got to be good looking
Flat top suggests that looking good is important or desirable.
Cause he's so hard to see
Flat top is difficult to understand or see clearly.
Come together right now
The song ends with Flat top once again urging people to come together in unity.
Over me
The final 'over me' could mean that the call to unity is still in celebration of Flat top, or it could be a repetition of the earlier line that may not have a specific meaning.
Lyrics © Sony/ATV Music Publishing LLC
Written by: John Lennon, Paul McCartney
Lyrics Licensed & Provided by LyricFind